{"id":458,"date":"2017-11-27T13:58:59","date_gmt":"2017-11-27T05:58:59","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/localhost\/wordpress\/?p=458"},"modified":"2018-05-09T14:48:05","modified_gmt":"2018-05-09T06:48:05","slug":"%e4%b8%80%e6%96%87%e8%af%bb%e6%87%82alphago%e8%83%8c%e5%90%8e%e7%9a%84%e5%bc%ba%e5%8c%96%e5%ad%a6%e4%b9%a0","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/www.tianyuaninfo.com\/?p=458","title":{"rendered":"\u4e00\u6587\u8bfb\u61c2AlphaGo\u80cc\u540e\u7684\u5f3a\u5316\u5b66\u4e60"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u4f5c\u8005 | Joshua Greaves
\n\u7f16\u8bd1 | \u5218\u7545\uff0c\u6797\u693f\u7704<\/p>\n

\u672c\u6587\u662f\u5f3a\u5316\u5b66\u4e60\u540d\u4f5c\u2014\u2014\u201cReinforcement Learning: an Introduction\u201d\u4e00\u4e66\u4e2d\u6700\u4e3a\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u65e8\u5728\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5b66\u4e60\u5f3a\u5316\u5b66\u4e60\u6700\u57fa\u7840\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u53ca\u5176\u539f\u7406\uff0c\u8ba9\u8bfb\u8005\u80fd\u591f\u5c3d\u5feb\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u6700\u65b0\u6a21\u578b\u3002\u6bd5\u7adf\uff0c\u5bf9\u4efb\u4f55\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u5b9e\u8df5\u8005\u6765\u8bf4\uff0cRL\uff08\u5f3a\u5316\u5b66\u4e60\uff0c\u5373Reinforcement Learning\uff09\u90fd\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5341\u5206\u6709\u7528\u7684\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u5728AlphaGo\u7684\u76db\u540d\u4e4b\u4e0b\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7b2c\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u5177\u4f53\u4e86\u89e3\u4e86MDPs (\u9a6c\u5c14\u53ef\u592b\u51b3\u7b56\u8fc7\u7a0b)\u4ee5\u53ca\u5f3a\u5316\u5b66\u4e60\u6846\u67b6\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u7ec4\u6210\u90e8\u5206\uff1b\u7b2c\u4e8c\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u6784\u5efa\u5e76\u5b66\u4e60\u6709\u5173\u4ef7\u503c\u51fd\u6570\u548cBellman (\u8d1d\u5c14\u66fc\u65b9\u7a0b)\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u77e5\u8bc6\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u5f3a\u5316\u5b66\u4e60\u4e2d\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u516c\u5f0f\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u4e00\u6b65\u4e00\u6b65\u5730\u63a8\u5bfc\u3001\u89e3\u91ca\uff0c\u4ee5\u63ed\u5f00\u5f3a\u5316\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\u795e\u79d8\u9762\u7eb1\u3002<\/p>\n

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\u76d1\u7763\u5b66\u4e60VS\u8bc4\u4f30\u5b66\u4e60<\/h3>\n

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\u7531\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e2aMDP\u662f\u5341\u5206\u7b80\u5355\u7684\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u53d1\u73b0\u5f85\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u66f4\u9ad8\u5956\u52b1\u7684\u533a\u57df\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u5373\u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u9965\u997f\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u5c31\u5403\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6a21\u578b\u4e2d\uff0c\u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u5904\u4e8e\u5403\u9971\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u6ca1\u6709\u592a\u591a\u5176\u5b83\u7684\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u4f1a\u4e0d\u53ef\u907f\u514d\u7684\u518d\u6b21\u9965\u997f\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u7acb\u9a6c\u9009\u62e9\u8fdb\u98df\u3002\u5f3a\u5316\u5b66\u4e60\u611f\u5174\u8da3\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u5176\u5b9e\u5177\u6709\u66f4\u5927\u66f4\u590d\u6742\u7684\u9a6c\u5c14\u79d1\u592b\u51b3\u7b56\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5728\u6211\u4eec\u5f00\u59cb\u5b9e\u9645\u63a2\u7d22\u524d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u901a\u5e38\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7b56\u7565\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5f62\u5f0f\u5316\u5f3a\u5316\u5b66\u4e60\u95ee\u9898<\/h3>\n

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<\/center>\u6765\u81eaSutton\u548cBarto\u7684\u4e66\u201cReinforcement Learning: an Introduction\u201d\uff08\u8fd9\u662f\u5f3a\u70c8\u63a8\u8350\u7684\uff09\u7684\u8fd9\u5f20\u56fe\uff0c\u5f88\u597d\u7684\u89e3\u91ca\u4e86\u667a\u80fd\u4f53\u548c\u73af\u5883\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u5728\u67d0\u4e2a\u65f6\u95f4\u6b65t\uff0c\u667a\u80fd\u4f53\u5904\u4e8e\u72b6\u6001s_t\uff0c\u91c7\u53d6\u52a8\u4f5ca_t\u3002\u7136\u540e\u73af\u5883\u4f1a\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u72b6\u6001s_t+1\u548c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5956\u52b1r_t+1\u3002\u5956\u52b1\u5904\u4e8et+1\u65f6\u95f4\u6b65\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u662f\u7531\u73af\u5883\u5728t+1\u7684\u72b6\u6001s_t+1\u8fd4\u56de\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u8ba9\u5b83\u4eec\u4e24\u4e2a\u4fdd\u6301\u4e00\u81f4\u66f4\u52a0\u5408\u7406\uff08\u5982\u4e0a\u56fe\u6240\u793a\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n

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\u5956\u52b1\u4e0e\u56de\u62a5<\/h3>\n

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<\/center>\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u8ba9\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7ea7\u6570\u65e0\u9650\u5ef6\u4f38\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5f97\u5230\u65e0\u7a77\u7684\u56de\u62a5\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u8bdd\u4f7f\u5f97\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u5931\u53bb\u610f\u4e49\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u671f\u671b\u5f97\u5230\u7684\u5956\u52b1\u662f\u6709\u9650\u7ea7\u7684\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7b49\u5f0f\u624d\u6709\u610f\u4e49\u3002\u6709\u7ec8\u6b62\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u79f0\u4e3a\u60c5\u666f\u4efb\u52a1\u3002\u7eb8\u724c\u6e38\u620f\u662f\u60c5\u666f\u6027\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u597d\u4f8b\u5b50\u3002\u60c5\u666f\u7684\u5f00\u59cb\u662f\u5411\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4eba\u53d1\u724c\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u4e0d\u53ef\u907f\u514d\u5730\u6839\u636e\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u6e38\u620f\u89c4\u5219\u800c\u7ed3\u675f\u3002\u7136\u540e\uff0c\u4e0b\u4e00\u8f6e\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u60c5\u666f\u53c8\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u518d\u6b21\u5904\u7406\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7eb8\u724c\u3002<\/p>\n

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\u7b56\u7565<\/h3>\n

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\u4ef7\u503c\u51fd\u6570<\/h3>\n

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<\/p>\n

<\/center>\u503c\u5f97\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u5728\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u73af\u5883\u4e0b\uff0c\u4ef7\u503c\u51fd\u6570\u4e5f\u4f1a\u6839\u636e\u7b56\u7565\u800c\u6539\u53d8\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u4ef7\u503c\u51fd\u6570\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u4f60\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4f60\u5728\u67d0\u4e00\u4e2a\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u4e0b\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd\u4f60\u9884\u671f\u7684\u56de\u62a5\u3002\u540c\u6837\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\u671f\u671b\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6027\u3002(\u671f\u671b\u5c31\u50cf\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e73\u5747\u503c\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u4f60\u671f\u671b\u770b\u5230\u7684\u56de\u62a5)\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528\u671f\u671b\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u5728\u4e8e\uff1a\u5f53\u4f60\u5230\u8fbe\u4e00\u4e2a\u72b6\u6001\u65f6\uff0c\u4f1a\u53d1\u751f\u4e00\u4e9b\u968f\u673a\u72b6\u51b5\u3002\u4f60\u53ef\u80fd\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u968f\u673a\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u5c06\u6211\u4eec\u6240\u91c7\u53d6\u7684\u6240\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u884c\u52a8\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u7ed3\u5408\u8d77\u6765\u3002\u540c\u6837\u5730\uff0c\u8fc7\u6e21\u51fd\u6570\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u968f\u673a\u7684\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u80fd\u4ee5100%\u7684\u6982\u7387\u7ed3\u675f\u4efb\u4f55\u72b6\u6001\u3002\u8bb0\u4f4f\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\uff1a\u5f53\u4f60\u9009\u62e9\u4e00\u4e2a\u884c\u52a8\u65f6\uff0c\u73af\u5883\u5c06\u8fd4\u56de\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u72b6\u6001\u3002\u53ef\u80fd\u6709\u591a\u4e2a\u72b6\u6001\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fd4\u56de\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u52a8\u4f5c\u3002\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u4f1a\u5728Bellman\u65b9\u7a0b(\u8d1d\u5c14\u66fc\u65b9\u7a0b)\u4e2d\u5f97\u5230\u3002\u671f\u671b\u5c06\u6240\u6709\u7684\u968f\u673a\u6027\u90fd\u8003\u8651\u5728\u5185\u3002<\/p>\n

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<\/p>\n

<\/center>\u5bf9\u72b6\u6001\u4ef7\u503c\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u6ce8\u91ca\u540c\u6837\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u52a8\u4f5c\u4ef7\u503c\u51fd\u6570\u3002\u5b83\u5c06\u8003\u8651\u5230\u672a\u6765\u884c\u52a8\u7684\u968f\u673a\u6027\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u4ece\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u8fd4\u56de\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u968f\u673a\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8d1d\u5c14\u66fc\u65b9\u7a0b<\/h3>\n

Richard Bellman\u662f\u4e00\u4f4d\u7f8e\u56fd\u5e94\u7528\u6570\u5b66\u5bb6\uff0c\u4ed6\u63a8\u5bfc\u4e86\u4ee5\u4e0b\u65b9\u7a0b\uff0c\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u80fd\u591f\u5f00\u59cb\u6c42\u89e3\u8fd9\u4e9bMDPs (\u9a6c\u5c14\u53ef\u592b\u51b3\u7b56\u8fc7\u7a0b)\u3002\u5728\u5f3a\u5316\u5b66\u4e60\u4e2d\uff0c\u8d1d\u5c14\u66fc\u65b9\u7a0b\u65e0\u5904\u4e0d\u5728\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u4e86\u89e3\u5f3a\u5316\u5b66\u4e60\u7b97\u6cd5\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u5728\u6211\u4eec\u4e86\u89e3\u8d1d\u5c14\u66fc\u65b9\u7a0b\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u4e86\u89e3\u4e00\u4e9b\u66f4\u6709\u7528\u7684\u7b26\u53f7\u3002\u6211\u4eecP\u548cR\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e3a\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

<\/center>
<\/center><\/center>
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<\/center>\u503c\u5f97\u6ce8\u610f\u5f97\u662f\uff0c\u65b9\u7a0b(1)\u548c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65b9\u7a0b\u7684\u7ed3\u675f\u90e8\u5206\u662f\u4e00\u6837\u7684\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u5176\u66ff\u6362\uff0c\u5f97\u5230\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n

<\/center>Bellman\u65b9\u7a0b(\u8d1d\u5c14\u66fc\u65b9\u7a0b)\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c\u4ef7\u503c\u51fd\u6570\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ee5\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u63a8\u5bfc\u51fa\u6765\u3002\u611f\u5174\u8da3\u7684\u4eba\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u6587\u7ae0\u7684\u6700\u540e\u770b\u5230\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u6b65\u9aa4\u3002\u5176\u6700\u7ec8\u7ed3\u679c\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n

<\/center>Bellman\u65b9\u7a0b\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6027\u5728\u4e8e\uff0c\u5b83\u80fd\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u4e00\u4e2a\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u503c\u8868\u8fbe\u6210\u5176\u4ed6\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u503c\u3002\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u77e5\u9053\u72b6\u6001st+1\u7684\u503c\u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f7b\u677e\u5730\u8ba1\u7b97\u51fa\u72b6\u6001st\u7684\u503c\u3002\u8fd9\u4e3a\u6211\u4eec\u89e3\u51b3\u6bcf\u4e2a\u72b6\u6001\u503c\u7684\u8fed\u4ee3\u8ba1\u7b97\u95ee\u9898\u6253\u5f00\u4e86\u5927\u95e8\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u77e5\u9053\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u503c\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u80fd\u77e5\u9053\u5f53\u524d\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u503c\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\uff0c\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u662f\u8981\u8bb0\u4f4f\u65b9\u7a0b\u5f0f\u7684\u7f16\u53f7\u3002\u6700\u540e\uff0c\u968f\u7740Bellman\u65b9\u7a0b(\u8d1d\u5c14\u66fc\u65b9\u7a0b)\u7684\u51fa\u73b0\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f00\u59cb\u7814\u7a76\u5982\u4f55\u8ba1\u7b97\u6700\u4f18\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u5e76\u7f16\u5199\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f3a\u5316\u5b66\u4e60\u667a\u80fd\u4f53\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e0b\u4e00\u6b65\uff1a\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5212<\/h3>\n

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\u6b63\u5982\u6240\u627f\u8bfa\u7684\uff1a\u63a8\u5bfcBellman\u65b9\u7a0b\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c\u4ef7\u503c\u51fd\u6570(\u8d1d\u5c14\u66fc\u65b9\u7a0b)<\/p>\n

\u6b63\u5728\u6211\u4eec\u63a8\u5bfc\u51faBellman\u65b9\u7a0b\u72b6\u6001\u4ef7\u503c\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u7528\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u63a8\u5bfc\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u7684\u65b9\u7a0b\uff0c\u4e0b\u9762\u6211\u4eec\u4ece\u65b9\u7a0b(2)\u5f00\u59cb\u7ee7\u7eed\u63a8\u5bfc:<\/p>\n

<\/center>
<\/center>
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\u4f5c\u8005 | Joshua Greaves \u7f16\u8bd1 | \u5218\u7545\uff0c\u6797\u693f\u7704 \u672c\u6587\u662f\u5f3a\u5316\u5b66\u4e60\u540d\u4f5c\u2014\u2014\u201cReinforceme […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[1],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.tianyuaninfo.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/458"}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.tianyuaninfo.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.tianyuaninfo.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.tianyuaninfo.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.tianyuaninfo.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=458"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"http:\/\/www.tianyuaninfo.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/458\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1189,"href":"http:\/\/www.tianyuaninfo.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/458\/revisions\/1189"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.tianyuaninfo.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=458"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.tianyuaninfo.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=458"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.tianyuaninfo.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=458"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}